On October 5, Indian President Narendra Modi signed a $5 billion deal with Russian President Vladimir Putin for the Russian-made S-400 missile defense system. The deal was closed despite warnings from the United States that Indian acquisition of the Russian system will place the country at risk of punitive enforcement measures of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA). The S-400 has a range between 250 and 400 km and is capable of engaging aircraft, UAVs, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles in their terminal stage.