As the heir to the substantial Soviet missile arsenal, Russia boasts the widest inventory of ballistic and cruise missiles in the world. Russia remains a major power in the development of missiles of all kinds, and Russian strategic rocket forces constitute a significant element of Moscow’s military strategy. Russian missiles perform a wide variety of missions, from anti-access/area denial in local conflicts to delivery of strategic nuclear weapons across continents. A significant modernization program continues in Russia, producing new variants of both ballistic and cruise missiles with significant new capabilities. Russia is also making major advancements in the field of precision-guided cruise missiles.

Missiles
| Missile Name | Class | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kalibr (SS-N-30A) | LACM | 1,500 - 2,500 km | Operational |
| 3M-54 Kalibr/Club (SS-N-27 "Sizzler") | ASCM | 220 - 300 km | Operational |
| Iskander (SS-26 "Stone") | SRBM | 500 km | Operational |
| 9M729 (SSC-8) | GLCM | 2,500 km | Operational |
| Avangard | HGV | 6,000+ km | In development |
| Kh-101 / Kh-102 | ALCM | 2,500 - 2,800 km | Operational |
| Kh-47M2 Kinzhal | ALBM | 1,500 - 2,000 km | Operational |
| Kh-55 (AS-15 "Kent") | ALCM | 2,500 km | Operational |
| OTR-21 Tochka (SS-21 "Scarab") | SRBM | 70 - 120 km | Operational |
| P-800 Oniks/Yakhont/Bastion (SS-N-26 “Strobile”) | ASCM | 300 km | Operational |
| R-11 (SS-1 "Scud) | SRBM | 190 - 550 km | Obsolete |
| Zyb (SS-N-6 "Serb") | SLBM | 2,400 - 3,200 km | Obsolete |
| R-29 Vysota (SS-N-18 "Stingray") | SLBM | 6,500 km | Operational |
| Shtil (SS-N-23 "Skiff") | SLBM | 11,000 km | Operational |
| R-36 (SS-18 "Satan") | ICBM | 10,200 - 16,000 km | Operational |
| Granat (SS-N-21 "Sampson") | Cruise Missile | 2,400 - 3,000 km | Operational |
| RS-24 Yars (SS-27 Mod 2) | ICBM | 10,500 km | Operational |
| RS-26 Rubezh | ICBM/IRBM | 2,000-5,800 km | In development |
| RS-28 Sarmat | ICBM | 10,000+ km | In development |
| Pioneer (SS-20 "Saber") | IRBM | 5,000 km | Obsolete |
| Bulava (SS-N-32) | SLBM | 8,300 km | Operational |
| Topol (SS-25 "Sickle") | ICBM | 11,000+ km | Operational |
| Topol-M (SS-27 Mod 1) | ICBM | 11,000 km | Operational |
| UR-100 (SS-19 "Stiletto") | ICBM | 10,000 km | Operational |
